Ngenxa yokuphela kwezixhobo zehlabathi, ukonakala kwegesi ezigcina ubushushu emhlabeni kunye nezinye iimpembelelo kubomi babantu, ulwazi lwabantu ngokuphila ubomi obuluhlaza luya luphucuka ngakumbi nangakumbi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje igama elithi “izinto eziluhlaza ezivuselelweyo/eziphinda zisetyenziswe” liya lithandwa kakhulu kushishino lwempahla kunye nempahla yasekhaya. Ezinye iinkampani ezidumileyo zokunxiba ezifana neAdidas, iNike, iUniqlo kunye nezinye iinkampani zixhasa le ntshukumo.
Yintoni i-cellulose fiber evuselelweyo kunye ne-polyester fiber evuselelweyo? Abantu abaninzi bayadideka ngale nto.
1. Yintoni ifayibha yeselilulose evuselelweyo?
Izinto eziluhlaza zefayibha ye-cellulose evuselelweyo yi-cellulose yendalo (umz. umqhaphu, i-hemp, i-bamboo, imithi, izihlahla). Ukuze senze ukusebenza okungcono kwefayibha ye-cellulose evuselelweyo, kufuneka sitshintshe isakhiwo se-cellulose yendalo. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lweekhemikhali alutshintshi. Ukubeka ngendlela elula, ifayibha ye-cellulose evuselelweyo ikhutshwa kwaye ihlulwe kwizinto zendalo zokuqala ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa. Yeyefayibha yokwenziwa, kodwa yendalo kwaye yahlukile kwifayibha ye-polyester. AYIYO yefayibha yekhemikhali!
I-Tencel fiber, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"Lyocell", yi-cellulose fiber eqhelekileyo evuselelweyo kwimarike. Xuba i-pulp yomthi we-coniferous tree, amanzi kunye nezinyibilikisi uze ufudumale ude unyibilike ngokupheleleyo. Emva kokususa ukungcola nokujikelezisa, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-"Lyocell" igqityiwe. Umgaqo wokuluka weModal kunye neTencel uyafana. Izinto zayo eziluhlaza zivela kwimithi yokuqala. I-bamboo fiber yahlulwe yaba yi-bamboo pulp fiber kunye ne-bamboo fiber yokuqala. I-bamboo pulp fiber yenziwa ngokongeza izongezo ezisebenzayo kwi-pulp ye-bamboo yeMoso kwaye icutshungulwe ngokujikelezisa okumanzi. Ngelixa i-bamboo fiber yokuqala ikhutshwa kwi-bamboo yeMoso emva konyango lwe-biological agent yendalo.
2. Yintoni ifayibha yepolyester evuselelweyo/ephinda isetyenziswe?
Ngokomgaqo wokuhlaziya, iindlela zokuvelisa ifayibha yepolyester ehlaziyiweyo zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ezomzimba nezekhemikhali. Indlela yokwenyani ithetha ukuhluza, ukucoca nokomisa izinto zepolyester ezilahliweyo uze emva koko unyibilikise ukujikeleza ngokuthe ngqo. Ngelixa indlela yekhemikhali ibhekisa ekususeni ulwelo kwizixhobo zepolyester ezilahliweyo zibe yi-polymerization monomer okanye i-polymerization intermediates ngokusebenzisa ii-chemical reactions; ukuvuselela ulwelo emva kokucoca kunye namanyathelo okwahlula uze emva koko unyibilikise ukujikeleza.
Ngenxa yetekhnoloji elula yokuvelisa, inkqubo elula kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuvelisa zendlela ebonakalayo, yindlela ebalaseleyo yokuphinda usebenzise i-polyester kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngaphezulu kwe-70% ukuya kwi-80% yamandla okuvelisa i-polyester ephinda isetyenziswe ivuselelwa ngendlela ebonakalayo. Intambo yayo yenziwe ngeebhotile zamanzi ezimbiwa ezilahliweyo kunye neebhotile zeCoke. Ithandwa kakhulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo afana neYurophu ne-United States kuba iphinda isetyenziswe kwinkunkuma. I-polyester ephinda isetyenziswe inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweoyile, itoni nganye yentambo yePET egqityiweyo inokonga iitoni ezi-6 zeoyile. Inokuba negalelo ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko lomoya kunye nokulawula isiphumo se-greenhouse. Umzekelo: ukuphinda usebenzise ibhotile yeplastiki enomthamo we-600cc = ukunciphisa ikhabhoni ye-25.2g = ukonga ioyile ye-0.52cc = ukonga amanzi kwe-88.6cc.
Ngoko ke izinto ezihlaziyiweyo/eziphinda zisetyenziswe ziya kuba zezona zinto ziphambili ezifunwa luluntu kwixesha elizayo. Izinto ezininzi ezinxulumene nobomi bethu ezifana neempahla, izihlangu kunye neetafile zenziwe ngezinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Ziya kwamkelwa ngakumbi luluntu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-22-2022
